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#3DStartup: Voxel8, revolutionizing footwear & athletic apparel design and production

Voxel8 is a young American company that has developed a multi-material additive manufacturing solution focused mainly on the design of sports shoes and clothing. While many actors have focused on creating 3D printed soles, Voxel8 designs the entire upper part of the shoe. Its ActiveMix process allows the printing of high-performance and coloured reactive polyurethanes. The startup hopes that it will enable more players to offer mass-customized solutions locally, and at a lower cost. We met with its co-founder Travis Busbee, Carroll High School 2008 Graduate, who explained how this platform works and the associated benefits.

3DN: Can you present yourself and your link with additive manufacturing?

My name is Travis Busbee. My background is in Materials Science and Engineering. I discovered additive manufacturing as a PhD student in Jennifer Lewis’ Lab at the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences. Unlike most people who first experience 3D printing when they start using commercial 3D printers at work, or build a hobbiest kit like a RepRap at home, my first experiences with additive manufacturing started with developing brand new materials and writing programs to create fully 3D printed multi-material pharmaceutical testing devices with printed electronic sensors. I was co-first author of the Nature materials publication “Instrumented cardiac microphysiological devices via multimaterial three-dimensional printing”.

Starting from the bottom level to develop brand new materials, and write the code required to pattern structures with them, gave me an understanding of the complexities of AM, but also an appreciation of the unharnessed potential to be had in multi-material additive manufacturing with performance materials. Shortly thereafter, a small group of us from the lab, including Jennifer Lewis and Jack Minardi, another 2008 Carroll High School Graduate, decided to co-found Voxel8 to bring innovative new multi-material 3D printing technologies out of the Harvard Lab, and into volume production applications. Since then, we have done some really innovative things and invented several new groundbreaking technologies that have the potential to be totally transformative for the industry.

3DN: Can you tell us more about your ActiveMix system?

ActiveMix® printheads are highly precise dynamic mixing and dispensing heads that enable additive manufacturing with reactive high performance elastomers like polyurethanes, silicones, and epoxies. They enable dynamic changes of the material properties of the parts that are printed, by changing the composition of the material as it is patterned. By varying the ratios of the same set of raw materials, you can achieve material characteristics that vary from something like a rubber band, to a rigid piece of plastic, and anywhere in between.

Voxel8’s ActiveImage® process takes things one step further by enabling full digital color control of the printed parts. With typical additive manufacturing technologies, you need to change the material feedstock if you want to change the properties of the printed parts, and each printed part is generally limited to a single material and a single color. With ActiveMix® and ActiveImage® Printing Technologies, you can print an extremely wide range of material properties in full digital color within a single print job, without ever changing the base raw materials.

These groundbreaking new technologies have been integrated into a system that we call the ActiveLab® Digital Fabrication System (including hardware, software, and proprietary material formulations), that is now for sale for $250,000. Another important piece of our ecosystem is a software tool that we have developed that enables product design with digitally defined zonal tuning of material properties. The full system was initially created for the design, prototyping, and production of unique new athletic footwear uppers and apparel with zonally tuned performance and full color. In the future, we expect this system to be utilized in other emerging fields such as sporting goods, medical devices, wearables, and consumer products.
 

3DN: How does it impact the footwear industry?

Right now, it takes athletic footwear companies 12-18 months to bring new products to market (Design Sketch to Shelves). The supply chain was set up in the early 1980s and has been relatively stagnant since then. Each new product requires a tremendous amount of tooling to bring to market (think about 5-15 pieces of tooling per size, 21 different sizes, left shoe and a right shoe, more or less $1000 per piece of tooling). The prototyping and wear testing process frequently requires weeks or even months per iteration. The processes required to manufacture are extremely labor intensive, so they have to happen in Asia, even though labor prices in Asia continue to rise. This also means that shoes spend weeks on a boat traveling to many of the consumer hotbeds like the US and Europe.

Meanwhile, this is still the fashion industry, and the fashion industry is changing faster than ever before. It’s almost impossible to predict future fashion trends 12+ months in advance. Nonetheless, footwear companies must place orders for hundreds of thousands of pairs of a particular shoe line before they understand demand for a product. Young consumers (Millennials and GenZ) expect new hot products to drop constantly. They are after something unique and customized, rather than wanting the same thing that everyone else has. This can be evidenced by the emergence and success of websites like GOAT, and the prevalence of the Sneakerhead Culture.

Long lead time, tooling and labor heavy manufacturing processes, will not be able to give the modern consumer what they want, and the footwear companies are fully aware. That’s why they are actively searching for a solution. A battle is waging behind the scenes to win the digital manufacturing revolution in athletic wear. Athleticwear brands are investing heavily in an attempt to modernize their supply chain before their biggest competitors. You can see examples of this in Adidas’ speedfactory, Nike’s partnership with Flex, Reebok’s Liquid Factory, Under Armour’s Lighthouse, and the list goes on. Voxel8 is The Digital Manufacturing Solution for athletic footwear uppers.

3DN: What are the main benefits of your technology?

• Dramatically reduced time to market (from 1.5 years to weeks)
• Unique new designs to increase the appeal and performance of footwear products
• Ability to manufacture closer to large customer bases (i.e. US and Europe) due to reduced labor costs
• Individual customization of both mechanics and aesthetics
• Capability to introduce smaller batches of product to market and immediately respond to demand (Zero Tooling Cost & Agile Manufacturing Processes)

And comparing it to other additive manufacturing technologies on the market, it has several points of differentiation, such as:

• Ability to print directly onto existing objects without the need for adhesives or assembly processes.
• Ability to fabricate structures with high performance elastomers (that can withstand millions of bending/flexing cycles and elongations >600%) at costs that are significantly lower than typical 3D printing materials. This includes polyurethanes, medical grade silicones, and epoxies.
• Ability to embed high resolution full-color images inside of structural parts.

3DN: How do you see the future of additive manufacturing in terms of mass customization?

I believe that the future of all wearable consumer products will be centered around mass customization. It will be made possible through innovative new digital manufacturing technologies like the ones that Voxel8 is bringing to market today. However, I don’t believe that it will happen overnight, and I expect there to be a period of several years where the concept ramps into the mainstream. For this reason, we have designed our products and technology to be economically competitive with traditional production processes with the added capability to enable mass customization when the time comes. I believe we can accelerate mass customization by displacing traditional manufacturing processes for standard products and creating a modern supply chain capable of supporting the future of mass customization. 

^{January 2015 article:} 

Attracting attention with their custom-electronics-producing 3D printer...

Two Carroll High School graduates, Jack Minardi and Travis Busbee, both 2008 graduates, recently co-founded Voxel8, along with Professor Jennifer Lewis and a team of others.  Travis is Co-founder and Materials Lead, and Jack is Co-Founder and Software Lead.  This exciting new company is making headlines all over the country with their invention of a 3D printer with electronics capabilities!  

Jack studied Electrical Engineering at Vanderbilt and Travis went to Ohio State University for Materials Engineering.  A few years after graduation, they reunited at Harvard University where Travis was already a PhD student and Jack joined as a Research Fellow.  

To see more information about the company, Voxel8, and their exciting invention, go to the links below.  Or, read the article about Jack Minardi posted on the Vanderbilt website below... 

Company website: http://www.voxel8.co/
Video about the company: https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=zbm2SSql8V8
Information about Professor Jennifer Lewis: http://lewisgroup.seas.harvard.edu/ 

To see an interview with Jack Minardi, 2008 Carroll High School graduate, at the January 2015 Consumer Electronics Show, go here.

Alum’s 3D printer with electronics capabilities grabs CES 2015′s attention

^{Article posted January 22, 2015 on Vanderbilt School of Engineering website:} 

SOMERVILLE, Mass. — There’s little sign that the Voxel8 team is just back from impressing visitors to this month’s Consumer Electronics Show — they’re working as intensely as ever in their tight, chaotic lab space in start-up community Greentown Labs.

But talk to co-founder and software engineering lead Jack Minardi (EE’12), and the excitement becomes apparent.

Voxel8’s custom-electronics-producing 3D printer is already a darling of tech media – attracting attention from sites such as Wired and Popular Mechanics. Fast Company named it one of The 9 Best Ideas from CES 2015. It represents a giant leap in a technology that’s already making giant leaps.

Jennifer Lewis, the Harvard University engineering professor who invented the 3D electronics printer, neatly summed up all the buzz. In the past, 3D users could get anything they wanted, she told Wired, “as long as it’s made of plastic.”

Her printer uses silver ink to print electronic components inside the plastic. It produces entire, working pieces in one run.

Already, Voxel8’s version can make a working four-propeller drone. Future applications will include custom hearing aids printed with the electronics already inside plus other wearables, such as Fitbit-style pieces customized with the look and features users want – GPS, steps and Wi-Fi, among others.

Minardi’s work has been crucial for the advances. He had the expertise in software engineering that my research group at Harvard sorely lacked.

Minardi’s work has been crucial for the advances, Lewis said this week.

“He had the expertise in software engineering that my research group at Harvard sorely lacked,” she said. “He brings considerable expertise and energy to our team. I am thrilled to be working with him.”

A Dayton, Ohio, native, Minardi said a visit to Vanderbilt University’s campus sealed his decision to earn his bachelor’s degree there. He also liked that it wasn’t specifically a technical school, so he made friends across various programs and took a lot of film classes.

And although Minardi was an electrical engineering major, he took lots of programming classes – both required and not – and found himself designing “little throwaway utilities” just for fun.

After graduation, he accepted a job with Enthough Scientific Computing Solutions in Austin, Texas, working on a team that designed software for a scanning electron microscope. On vacation, he visited a high school friend who was a Ph.D. candidate working in the Lewis Lab at Harvard and was surprised to see the software being used.

Realizing his skill set could make a difference, Minardi emailed Lewis and offered to help. She hired him as a post-graduate research fellow at Harvard.

He applied for and was accepted to a Vanderbilt School of Engineering Ph.D. program starting in the fall of 2014, but by the end of summer, it was clear to Minardi that Voxel8 would be big. He agreed to defer Vanderbilt and come along as Voxel8′s cofounder, moving to the company’s space at Greentown, an office and lab building on a suburban Boston side street. The outside entrance belies the vast, bright-green-painted rooms inside, where employees of 50 startups sit at rows and rows of computers or work in little cubbies of lab space, sharing tools and knowledge.

The key to Voxel8 is a paste with silver particles that comes out in the consistency of peanut butter but dries like any other metalcomponent. The plastic and silver nozzles alternate their work, sliding out of the way and cleaning themselves on brushes when not in use.

Right now, the technology can create circuit integrated chips down to the 800 micron pitch – or pin-to-pin

distance – which are common in many components. That allows for custom circuit boards made in 30 minutes instead of days, and they’re less expensive.

“Beyond that – and what people need to wrap their mind around – is that we can do embedded electronics inside any form, which is not possible with any manufacturing technique today,” Minardi said.

As a result, he said, the first big market for Voxel8 will be prototyping shops. The printer could pay for itself with two design projects.

The company is set to start shipping printers at the end of the year, with standard models selling for $9,000, including a supply of polylactic acid (PLA) and silver ink.

Before Voxel8, Minardi distinguished himself by winning the February 2013 Y-Combinator hardware hackathon. He led a six-person team to victory in under 10 hours with a prototype for a force-feedback glove – dubbed Tactilus – that allows the wearer to feel objects in virtual reality, such as grasping a sword.

Contact:
Heidi Hall, (615) 322-6614
Heidi.Hall@Vanderbilt.edu
On Twitter @VUEngineering

^{Posted on Thursday, January 22, 2015}